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But the darkness were always present in this disturbed period. And the catholic authorities did not succeed in maintaining the flame which would allow to hold the medieval society. The crisis of the Protestantism is the mark of this breathlessness. And it is the beginning of the revival, that is a return in grace of the period of the antiquity. Those who the books of history call the "humanists" expressed a new morality for which the active commitment in the public life has so much value as could have the virtues of renunciation lauded by the Middle Ages.
As well as for the end of the antiquity, it is possible that this change of ascendancy in favour of the emotive heur is due to the moral responsibility of the darkness of the Middle Ages. Well oriented towards good values, this period of the revival looked for the beauty as had been looked for the good in the medieval time. The eloquence is revalued. Florentine painters who returned to the painting its former dignity and its highest good name are praised.
In all the arts, We turned away from the roads of the idealism to have eyes opened on the daily reality of the man, his body and the nature which surrounds him. We were interested in the art of the portrait, the baroque art is congealed in statics. To the theater, the grandiloquence of the speeches is the rule. The atrocity of the subjects reveals the orientation of the emotive heur to get itself an emotional shock to vaccinate itself, quite as we make it recently with the feast of Halloween.
In this period, we search for legendary countries and for paradises on Earth. We discover America which makes dream by its treasures.. We admire Adam and Eve with melancholy, living in a garden where the time has no grip. The time of the lights will prolong this period of the revival with the period of the "lounges" where the beautiful speeches are for the honor. We also see in this period the effeminate style of the Rococo.
At this time, the critics of the lights period began to denounce the threats that made weigh the liberal individualism on the cohesion of the society. The bourgeoisie and the industrial development grew throughout the 18th and of the 19th century in favour of the change of ascendancy and perfectly took advantage in the revolutions of 18 ème century.
It is the 19th century which lived the implementation of the liberal society and the capitalism. The bourgeoisie is the main beneficiary of the economic enrichment. And it is from this bourgeoisie that often arise the romantic artists. The word romanticism makes reference to novels and to medieval tales.. As says it Lessing: " night of the Middle Ages, be, but a radiant night of stars ". This romanticism excites the expression of the feelings against the reason of the lights. This period proclaims the meaninglessness of the reason and the size greatness of the instinct.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the bourgeoisie sees its highlights with "the beautiful period". This period sees the appearance of the science fiction, the advertising, the comic strip, the photography, the cinema. All the arts grow rich with the impressionism, the abstract art, the symbolism. But with the capitalism, we also see the rise of the nationalism and the imperialism with all these economic and financial rivalries which will lead to the first world war..
And it was the end of this period in sexual ascendancy. Two big anti-individualistic stones will fall on this adventure from 1917. The communism and the fascism carried the hatred of the bourgeois democracy and the liberalism. In Italy, it is the third period of nationalist ecstasy: after the Antiquity and the Revival, it is Risorgimento.
The Russian revolution of 1917 hopes to propagate the communism all over the world, but collides with the powerful western liberal block. And it is mainly on the way to manage the relations between capitalist and communist countries that these last ones will part and will turn around some against the others. Germany, Italy and Japan form an anti-Comintern pact whereas third international communist appoints the generic enemy under the term of "fascism". These two parties will be engaged a wild war during the second world war. But the western powers went out victorious of this conflict and even if they were too in emotive dominance, they within themselves let express sexual strengths as in May, 68 which had the material conditions necessary for their emancipation.
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